Music industry

Red- Parts that are incorrect

Pink- Parts I have added

Global instritions dominate media product. These instritions sell their products to national audiences.

Institions sell their artists to global audiences, to gain more success for the artist and profit themselves. They can do this by being horizontal and vertically intergrated.

Instritions are allowing artists to have global success by using visuilsation, for example music videos, websites and merchandise to put them on the market. By instritions doing this it gives the audience that the artist has gained/ collected more power and control. Record labels want to make their artists global as it gains them profit.

One Direction have big global success. As their record label, SYCO is part of the big three majors, its allowed them to have success with national audiences. As One Direction started out on the X Factor they would have already had success before they had released any music. This is because the UK audience already know who they are from watching the TV show for multiple weeks. Also audiences outisde the UK would be able to see One Direction through the X Factor website. This would have given audiences an idea of who they are, meaning their record label, SYCO would'nt lose any profit.
By One Direction using their image and music videos to gain their audiences. By SYCO using visualisation it made One Direction the biggest selling artist of 2013.


Indie artists don't have much global success, this is probably because they don't get much promotion (on TV/radio) than an artist who is signed to a major record label would.
Artic Monkeys are signed to a indie label based in London called Domino. Artic Monkeys are only played on two radio stations in the UK, and from doing research don't have hardly any audiences around the globe.
Artic Monkeys are signed to a indie label based in London called Domino, which started in 1993.The Artic Monkeys are a band who have a wide age range of audience. Artists who are signed to indie labels, could find it hard to gain propularity and global success due to the lack of promotion and marketing. The Artic Monkeys are a pretty big success for an indie band. They have a high amount of success with their last album selling 650,000 copies in the UK, two number ones (with 'When the sun goes down' and 'I bet you look good on the dance floor.' The Artic Monkeys also played at the opening of the London Olympics in 2012. Another popular inide artist is Adele, who was the biggest selling artist of 2012. This shows thats it's not always artists who are signed by a major who have global success.

Prosumers do have global success eventhough they don't have a major instition behind them.
I think that peosumers gain global success because they don't care about if they are making any money, they only care for their love of music.
Prosumers use the internet to get success. For example The Vamps started out on YouTube creating covers, by them showing their love for music they gained an audience. With in less than a year they are travelling all around the world, gaining global success.

Beck creates music to give to other artists. Beck would need to know feedback from national audiences, so that he could help give artists global success.
Because he does'nt have a record label to help him, it'd be hard for him to gain global success.

I think for an artist to have global success they need to be signed by a major institution. One Direction have major global success, and were also the biggest selling artists of last year and have just started a world tour, which is gaining their record label and themselves profit.
I think its hard for others to get global success as they don't have horizontal and vertical intergration that they need.

Music Piracy

How do institutions sell their products to audiences in contemporary media?

• Advertising in adverts (Magazines, Flyers, Posters)
• Advertising on television adverts
• Advertising on social networking sites (Facebook, Twitter, YouTube)

Music industry revenue streams 

• Radio advertising revenue 
• Live music sector
• Music retail sector
• Licensing of music to third parties

95% of music downloads are unauthorised.

71% of users increasing their illicit downloads cite high prices as the reasons.

84% of illicit downloaders think artists deserve to be paid.

SOLUTION: Lower song price & raise artist compensation transparency

What is the effect of piracy?

• The music industry is still losing out to internet pirates on a huge scale, with an estimated 95% of music available online being downloaded illegally.
• The industry is "transforming its business models, turning to marketing ideas such as Radiohead's "pay what you like" album in Rainbows and Coldplay's move to give away tracks to promote their album.
• In the UK market alone, the record industry lost £180m last year, and will lose more than £1bn by the end of 2013.

"It's a trend...about a new democracy of ideas and information, about the releasing of individual creativity"

Alan Rusbridger, Editor-in-chief of The Guardian 

Beyonce - Illegal Album Downloads Cost Beyonce $3.8 Million In Sales Revenue 

On the 13th of December Beyonce decided to surprise her fans buy selling a secret project on iTunes, that had no prior announcement or marketing by her record company.

By Beyonce's fans deciding not to legally buy her 14 new songs and 17 music videos for $15.99 (£10.70) it meant Beyonce lost out on money she would have made. 

Independent swim upstream

As streaming services increase their share of the overall market, their royalty payments have come under scrutiny from artists and record labels.

Spotify said it paid out about $500 million in royalties in 2013, according to numbers it released in December. The company likes to focus on that big number instead of how it breaks down: 6 to 84 cents every time a song is played. It doesn't pay a set amount per stream, but uses a more complicated formula based on what percentage of spotify's total monthly streams an artist represents.

The company cites an example of a "global hit album" earning $425,000 in a month, but that's for a top seller. A mid-level artist could do tens of thousands of streams in a month and maybe see a few hundred bucks for it. Mulligan's report notes that some independent artists do crack that 1%, but it's not easy.

No danger for major labels 

The numbers tell different stories here: the rise of streaming and increase in total artist income sound like music to musicians' ears. But if they're not in the 1%, they may be singing the blues the next time they open their royalty checks.

On the other hand, the major labels, Universal Music Group, Sony and Warner Music Group, don't appear to be in danger of losing their market share as downloads decrease and more users turn to streaming.

Writing Task

Clip

Discuss the ways in which the extract contrasts the representation of age using the following

Mock

To what extent does digital distribution affect the marketing and consumption of media products in the marketing and consumption of media products in the media area you have studied.

By the use of digital distribution it allows easier access to music for the audience to have access to the artist through social medias, such as YouTube and the artists website.

With the audience having access to the artist through social media, I belive this is how artist have gained global success. For example One Direction were the biggest selling artists of last year, with most of their success being out of the UK. Digital media would of been the way that the audience outside of the UK would of accessed the band, because of this One Direction would of needed to have good visuals. So good music videos, so there the wider audiences would get an understanding of who they are. Also the band would need to have a good website. By them having a website this would allow fans to buy One Directions music and merchandise. Digital distribution is also positive thing for One Directions record label, SYCO, by the band being online it gives them profit, because fans like to invest in the 'One Direction brand'.

Digital distribution also helps indie artists. Adele is signed to an indie record label, to show her talent she used digital distribution, by doing this it made her the biggest selling artist of 2012. Digital distribution is a great way for indie artists to get themselves seen. As they dont get promotion from TV companies or radio, it allows them to promote to their fans through their website, as it allows their fans to have access to their music.

Another example of somebody who has used digital distribution is Justin Bieber. He started his career by showing his talent on YouTube, this showed him using digital media. He was later signed by a major. By Justin showing his music through YouTube it gave his audience access to him before he was signed.

Madeon is a really big example of somebody who has used digital distribution to give his fans access to his music and videos. Madeon has huge success on YouTube, espically with his mashup pop culture. Madeon used digital media not only to give his fans access to him, but also to get feedback. Because Madeon creates mash ups he needs to get feedback so he can create mash ups that not only his fans enjoy, but also others that could add to his audience.

Beck is somebody who would also use digital distribution. As he does'nt use the music he creates, he needs to know marketing so he knows what sells well.

I think that digital distribution is a positive thing. I think this because it allows the artist to know what sort of target they are marketing to.
Also it allows the audience to have access to the artist through websites and YouTube, I this is positive as it gives the artist feedback. Digital distribution also gains the record label profit.

Class notes ( music industry )

Successful media products depends on marketing. Music.

Beck on how it's a small audience.

To make a popular artist it need to be for a niche market.

Marketing is visual, needs to have style.

Also needs to be good music, has to have a balance.

Adele for an independent artist.

Exchange feedback for customers. 

One direction case study, major labels have to use it. One direction more about image than music.

An artist needs to have a good visualisation and well promoted to be advertise in the niche and global market. But it also depends on the music, as an audience want good quality music, so there needs to be balance. One direction case study, the major uses the 

Effects the majors, as they have to do what the audience wants so they aren't effected like emi.

The record label needs to build a realationship. 

Global industries dominant the media production.

Multinational, the big three.

Audience agree with the artists

Sony agree- vertical and horizontal intergration.

Audience dominant the music industry, decided on what they like. Indies have become more popular as they are building a relationship with the artist. Meaning the majors have to listen to the audience. 

Success media product depends on the artist.

How you sell and look is more important to the audience.

Doesn't matter on the sound, more on the visualisation.

X factor, a format that is produced to see what the audience likes (genre, clothing)

Audience have power. 

You need to have an image 

Always been about image 

Digital media changes PDE for both major and independent.

The internet allows the artist to be global and have success. YouTube, soundcloud allows un known artists to get there music into the industry.

But it can ruin artists and record labels. By the use of illegal download, no profit is made, which means sells would go down. Not selling because no one is buying. 

No one is buying music apart from the hardcore fanbase and niche audiences. Majors are normally global, but indies are becoming global through the use of internet. (Adele, signed to indie, excel, biggest artist of 2012) 

Notes

To what extent do u agree?

People not paying for music - Music has no risks- devalues music as it is all image

EMI shut down because it did not connect with audience 

Sony's audience is involved through X factor 

Democratic

Illusion of choice- X factor - 

Indies have a community due to niche size 

Have to have an image- always had to have an image 

Beck doesn't have an image- prosumers are constructing an image for his songs not him

Beck targets globally as he brings in all genres over the world to interpret his music.

Independent labels is global as there are artists that belong to those labels that are known worldwide 

To what extent does digital media distribution affect the marketing and consumption of media products in the media area you have studied?

digital music distribution has had both a positive and negative affect on the marketing and consumption of music in the music industry.

Notes

Digital music technology

GarageBand - Production - prosumers - recycle 

Youtube - Exchange - audience gives feedback

Spotify - free - exchange 

Last fm - 

Soundcloud - prosumers create music and put it on there - free advertising - Distribution 

iTunes - have to buy music - distribution 

Institution - record labels

Sony - major - multinational 

Ministry of sound - independent - niche audience 

Prosumers - audience - more involved 

Beck - DIY - writes music and let's audience interpret it and make the song - has a relationship with the audience 

Marketing 

Distibution 

Ownership 

Production

Exchange

Essay requires you to study PDE and compare it across the four case studies 

Global institutions dominate media production. These institutions sell their products and services to national audiences. To what extent do you agree.

- multinational

- vertically and horizontally integrated

- Sony film, Sony record label

- one direction case study

- the big 3 - Sony, universal, warner

- ownership- the idea of owning all companies to become vertically and horizontally integrated

- synergy - promotes music across media e.g. Film, tv etc. 

- distribution

- conglomerate

NEED TO KNOW TERMINOLOGY

Prosumers mash up music - advertises

Visualisation- style over substance - image over music

Participatory audience/ relationship - audience give feedback through youtube, spotify, soundcloud, tv shows like X factor 

Purity/ devaluing music - blander and staler or diverse and exciting